What is Cryptography?
Cryptography is the practice of using mathematical techniques and algorithms to secure information and communications. It involves using cryptographic techniques, such as encryption, to protect data and communications from unauthorized access or tampering.
Cryptography has several key goals, including:
Confidentiality: This refers to protecting information from unauthorized access or understanding.
Integrity: This refers to protecting information from being modified or altered unauthorizedly.
Authentication: This refers to the ability to verify the identity of a sender or recipient of information.
Non-repudiation: This refers to the ability to prevent a sender from denying that they sent a message.
Cryptography is used in many applications, including secure communication, data storage, and online banking. It is an important field that plays a crucial role in protecting information and contacts in the modern world.
There are mainly three types of cryptography styles:
- Secret-key encryption
- Public-key encryption
- Hashing Techniques
Secret Key Data is encrypted using cryptography, or symmetric cryptography, using just one key. Because it employs the same key for encryption and decryption, symmetric cryptography is the most straightforward type of encryption. The cryptographic method employs the key in a cipher to encrypt the data when it needs to be retrieved again, and anyone with access to that secret key can decrypt it.
Although secret key cryptography can be used on both in-transit and at-rest data, it is typically exclusively utilized on the latter due to the risk of compromise posed by disclosing the secret to the message’s recipient.
Examples:
- DES
- Caesar Cipher
- AES.