What is Embedded Systems?

An embedded system is a machine/ computer system that was established and developed to perform a specific task within a more extensive procedure. It is a hardware and software combination based on a microprocessor or microcontroller and intended to carry out specific functions within a broader mechanical or electrical system.

Embedded systems are found in many devices, including smartphones, appliances, vehicles, industrial control systems, and medical equipment. They are designed to be minor, efficient, and reliable and to operate in a wide range of environments.

Embedded systems typically have limited processing power and memory compared to general-purpose computers and are designed to run a single application or a small set of applications. In addition, they often have real-time requirements, meaning they must respond to external events within a specific timeframe.

The firmware for embedded systems, which uses minimal computer hardware resources, is stored in read-only memory or flash memory chips. Peripherals, which connect input and output devices, allow embedded systems to communicate with the outside world.

The software for embedded systems is often written in a low-level programming language such as C or C++ and is closely integrated with the hardware. This allows the system to be optimized for performance and power consumption.

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), GPU technology, gate arrays, application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), and microcontrollers or digital signal processors (DSP) control embedded systems. These processing systems have integrated parts for handling mechanical and/or electrical interfaces.

The ongoing advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL).

Embedded systems play a crucial role in the Internet of Things (IoT), as they provide computing power and connectivity for a wide range of connected devices.